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Understanding C++ code behavior and language semantics

This is an easy C++ question that tests your ability to read and interpret code carefully. Rather than asking you to write or debug, it presents a snippet and asks you to identify what it actually does—a skill that's fundamental to both interview preparation and professional work.

Questions of this type appear regularly in technical interviews because they reveal whether you understand language semantics at a deeper level than syntax. They reward close reading, attention to scoping rules, type conversions, and control flow. You'll need to trace through the code mentally, consider edge cases, and distinguish between what code looks like it does and what it actually does.

• Variable scope and lifetime in C++
• Type inference and implicit conversions
• Control flow and side effects
• Operator precedence and associativity