Scaled and Filtered Output

What this C++ output-prediction question tests

This is a medium-difficulty C++ code-reading question that asks you to trace execution and predict printed output. It rewards careful attention to language semantics—particularly around type conversions, operator precedence, and how standard library functions behave in less obvious contexts.

To solve problems like this, you need to step through the code mentally, tracking variable state at each step and understanding how C++ handles implicit conversions and function calls. Interviewers use these questions to assess whether you have solid foundational knowledge of the language rather than just pattern-matching familiar patterns.

• Type conversions and promotion rules
• Operator precedence and associativity
• Standard library function behaviour and return values
• Output stream formatting