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Understanding code execution and program output in C++

This is an easy C++ question that tests your ability to read and trace through a code snippet to predict its output. It rewards careful observation of variable declarations, assignments, and control flow rather than deep algorithmic knowledge.

To solve problems like this, work through the code line by line, tracking how values change as the program executes. Pay attention to scope, data types, and the order in which statements run. Interviewers use these questions to quickly assess whether a candidate can read code accurately and reason about its behaviour—a foundational skill before moving to more complex implementation challenges.

• Variable scope and lifetime
• Type conversions and implicit casting
• Control flow and execution order